For several decades, computer technology has made a tremendous leap forward in its development! Computers at home are no longer surprising. Asot phones are no longer - Document. The world has been witnessing the extinction of Western civilization in Europe for several decades.
Wedding photographers capture the most significant events in the life of a couple in love, but this event is just the beginning, after the wedding there are many events that are so pleasant to remember and which help to stay in love together. Stephanie Jarstad recently published a whole series of couples that carried their feelings through the years, not losing an ounce of it, but only multiplying it.
About Doug and Fran from the title photo: “We met for eight years. We separated and converged again six times. We absolutely could not find a common language, but the stars continued to bring us together. We still continue to work on communication with each other, but love does not allow us to part, it grows every day. "
“My family was worried because Steve was from a dysfunctional family, they tried to dissuade me from marrying him. And for me it was not an easy decision - my mother tried very hard to dissuade us. I prayed to understand what decision to make, and the answer was almost instantaneous - Steve came to me by car from another state, and we immediately signed. "
Ray was diagnosed with Alzheimer's four years ago. Since then, whatever you ask him, he answers "As Tess wishes." He will definitely never forget this phrase!
Lloyd has a twin brother and I have a twin brother. We've been on the school bus together since I was in third grade and Lloyd was in sixth. I was 16 and he was 18 when we got married. Now we have 30 grandchildren and 32 great-grandchildren. It’s so great that we rode exactly the same bus then!
"As a wedding photographer, I love to learn photographs about how everything happened for the first time: how the couple first met, how they realized that they fell in love, how he made an offer ... I think it is such an honor to capture love. Pure, sincere, from which eyes shine, "says photographer Stephanie Jarstad.
We met on a blind date. My nephew arranged everything and we went to the restaurant. I didn't like her dog, and she didn't like me.
In the summer of 1944 we set off for a hike on Mount Timpanogos. Six months later, we were engaged. And we tried very hard to raise all of our thirteen children.
Jan: we met in 8th grade. I invited him to dance in the 9th grade. He said that then he would have to pick me up.
Richard: What I meant was that I had no license and had to ask my dad to give us a lift.
Jan: And I thought that it was he who said that he didn’t want to bother himself.
Richard: She then came up to me in class of English language and asked me a bunch of questions that I could not get rid of. We got married when we were 17 years old. Although I usually tell people that we got married as teenagers when she was 19 and I was 13. Laughter plays an important role in our life. I don't go into her room where she sews, and she stays out of my workshop where I cut glass. "
He actually dated my cousin. My aunt really liked him, she even organized a party so that they could be together again after a fight. There we met. We began to meet. We are so grateful to my aunt that she organized this party. But none of us wanted to go for it! Every Friday we've had a date night ever since.
We met when I was working in a women's clothing store, and he is in the next department with men's clothing... We both went outside every morning to sweep the sidewalk in front of the shops. One day our brooms met. Day after day, on this heel of the sidewalk, our feelings grew. Sweeping is beneficial.
I have just been hired as an administrator at a maternity hospital. There was a large vacant lot in the backyard, and I wanted to burn it down. I called the fire department to get a permit and Alan arrived. A week later, he came back and asked if we could have dinner together. I resisted, but he knew everything for sure. This is a second marriage for each of us. It is very important to stop being selfish. The biggest problem is when you think about yourself first. Marriage is a permanent job. By the way, I received permission to burn the wasteland only a few years later. But that was no longer important - I had something much more important.
He asked me if I would like to meet with him, and I replied that I had other plans. He asked me about the next week, and the next, and I honestly met with him once a week. And then he stopped calling. Forgot!
And now we are growing old together. Previously, we did not grow old, now we are learning. We rely on each other. Best advice what I can give: do not try to change each other, just accept each other as you are. Look for the good.
George: Can I tell you that you were Miss Oregon?
Diana: Oh, that was a hundred years ago!
We met at an economics class. Who studied what, and I am an attractive girl sitting in a class. Life is so fickle, you have to have faith. When we got married, we didn't have much faith. We just plunged into family life. You always have to make an effort. We are now as close to each other as we have never been before.
All ages are submissive to love - travel photographer Ignacio Lehmann draws attention to this very feeling. B - a variety of couples, young and old, rich and poor, from different countries, under different circumstances, but the only thing that unites them is the same love that knows no boundaries.
Rome and New York
In the last 8 years, since the beginning of the Obama presidency, this crisis has clearly manifested itself in the United States. With Hillary's seemingly inevitable rise to power, nothing would have stopped his development. Trump's unexpected election victory could create a new dynamic. To assess the country's chances of recovery, it makes sense to compare its current state with the history of the extinction of a civilization that preceded ours.
Why did the Roman Empire die? The outstanding thinker and historian Niccolo Machiavelli singled out the following reason: “Of all the changes, the most important was the change of religion, for the miracles of the new faith were opposed by the habit of the old. And from their clash, confusion and pernicious discord arose among the people. If the Christian religion was a unity, then there would be less disorder; but the enmity between the churches of the Greek, Roman, Ravenna, as well as between heretical sects and Catholics, depressed the world in many different ways. "
Christianity in Europe has changed long and painfully. From the year 313, when Emperor Constantine issued the Edict of Mediolan, which equated Christianity and paganism in Rome in rights, and up to the time of the founding fathers of the United States who crossed the ocean, who created the Constitution and the Bill of Rights on the basis of the TANAKH, what formed the basis of the Judeo-Christian civilization, as it has recently come to be called, has passed more than 14 centuries. Passed the savagery of the Middle Ages, the Inquisition, long religious wars, which took away a significant part of the population of Europe. The Reformation took place, which formed Protestantism - the version of Christianity with which the creation of modern Western states is associated.
The sad stories of Catholicism and Orthodoxy testify to the fact that not every Christianity is capable of becoming a worthy base of society. Catholicism, little capable of change with its rigid sexual ethics, after centuries of excesses of religious wars and auto-da-fe, today quietly dies out in Europe and persists only in Latin America and Africa. Orthodoxy disappeared in a large part of the Byzantium conquered by the Turks, and in the twentieth century it collapsed monstrously in Russia. After the coup of 1917, the inhabitants of this empire forgot about Christian humility and with bestial cruelty began to destroy their fellow citizens and their country. They succeeded in this and created what they have. The big question now is whether Russian Orthodoxy in the new conditions will be capable of reviving the faith and the people.
In modern America, a significant segment of the population undergoes a process similar to that of ancient Roman - a change of religion. But he is moving in the opposite direction - now Christianity is retreating, and paganism, similar to the ancient one, is advancing.
In Europe, Christianity is dying out faster than in the United States. There, in most countries, only 5-10% of the population have been attending church for a long time. In a recent poll, 38% of Americans said they go to church at least once a week. Sociologists divide this figure in half and believe that in reality it is less than 20%.
Among the gods of neo-paganism settling in America, which has not yet acquired an established name and is called either liberalism or progressivism, is global warming, requiring the sacrifice of this idol of the modern economy; feminism, which rejects the traditional roles of the sexes and wants to see women in the role of men in all aspects of life; anti-racism turned racism on the contrary, presupposing preferential rights for non-white minorities and inequality of different racial groups before the law, as well as other, petty but disgusting idols. Among the most devastating consequences of the return to paganism is the acceptance by the American progressive society of ancient sexual morality.
About that - in ancient world- narrates sociologist David Goldman:
“Pederasty was deeply rooted in the Greek religion and was, above all, a cult of youth. Even Zeus had no immunity against her and kidnapped the adorable boy Ganymede ... According to Greek legend, the gods turned Narcissus into a flower to punish him for his proud refusal to old lovers. "
Another phenomenon of ancient morality is infanticide. Aristotle proposed in his "Politics" to kill children with disabilities. Obviously, this was a continuation of the Spartan practice of throwing newborns who seemed weak into the abyss. Gradually, the killing of children became common in Greece. Usually girls were killed. They were not used for sex, they were not suitable for soldiers. 3rd century BC Macedonian poet Poseidippus of Pella wrote: "Even rich men always get rid of their daughters." Research from 200 BC in the Greek colony of Miletus, found 188 sons and only 28 daughters among the townspeople.
Not surprisingly, a grave demographic catastrophe gradually broke out in Greece. The Greek historian Strabo (63 BC - 21 AD) described Greece during the Roman conquest as “an absolutely abandoned territory ... Roman soldiers settled in abandoned houses; Athens is inhabited by statues. "
The Greek general and later Roman educator Polybius (220-146 BC) testified that the disease of depopulation spread from the Greeks to Rome. Contemporary researcher John S. Caldwell writes:
"Literary sources, gravestones and skeletal studies show the decline of the Roman Empire's population, caused by the voluntary control of family size by contraceptives, the murder and expulsion of children." Reading this, you begin to understand - where are the origins of the eerie fairy tale about a little boy, whom, along with his brothers and sisters, his parents from time to time took to the forest to be eaten by animals.
The problem of the depopulation of Rome was solved by its rulers by resettlement to the metropolis of peoples from the outskirts and from outside the empire. In 376, the Roman emperor Valens allowed the Goths, who promised to replenish his army, to cross the Danube and settle in the territory of his empire. But already in 410, the king of the Goths Alaric captured and plundered Rome.
This was not yet the destruction of the "eternal city", but only plunder. The destruction was carried out in 476 by the head of a detachment of barbarian mercenaries in the Roman army, Odoacer, who at the same time deposed the last ruler of the Western Roman Empire, Romulus Augustulus. And finally, the Western Roman Empire faded, when the Arabs settled in most of its lands by the end of the 7th century.
Today in America we see all the phenomena that we read about in the history of dying Rome. American society is split into irreconcilable camps, as in antiquity, pagans and Christians. In the last election, Hillary voted for two million more people than for Trump (although, according to the Vote Fraud organization, at least three million voters are not US citizens and did not have the right to vote, and another four million died before the election. the ghosts voted mainly for Hillary). For many adherents of the new paganism, the defeat of a democrat became a real tragedy. Due to mass hysterics, college exams were canceled and classes were disbanded. Old friendships collapsed, families fell apart. The defeated camp is made up of the majority of blacks, over two-thirds of Latinos, unmarried women worried about the right to kill their children, student youth, homosexuals of both genders, Muslims, Jews, Chinese. This same coalition has twice led to the Obama presidency and has a good chance of growing and bringing another similar figure to the White House four years later. I expect that in 2018 we will see among the senators Michelle Obama - the obvious favorite of the liberal coalition.
What can President Trump do to stop the neo-pagan trends sweeping the United States? Child killings are as common in America today as they are in ancient Greece. These are late abortions, and this is called "Women's Choice." Babies are born crying. They are quite alive, and have been alive for several months in the mother's womb.
The Supreme Court could outlaw the murders of children if Trump appoints, as promised, conservative lawyers to vacancies in the court. The promotion of homosexuality in America today begins in kindergartens, where toddlers are taught about the naturalness of same-sex sex. Liberal lawyers canceled in several states the results of referendums that recognized only the union of a man and a woman as a marriage. Conservative lawyers, as well as the upcoming school reform, will be able to interrupt this pervasive homosexuality in the country. Important is Trump's promise to end the uncontrolled movement of residents of states to the south of it to the States. It is clear - if the population of the United States becomes a large number of Mexicans and Venezuelans, the country will become similar to Mexico and Venezuela.
In the Roman Empire during the period of decline, the Albanian dynasty ruled, and later the Germans. A half-Kenyan brought up in Muslim Indonesia has already visited the United States, and a Muslim woman brought up in Saudi Arabia has been the main adviser to the former secretary of state and almost the president for many years.
It is encouraging that Trump has pledged to limit Muslim relocation to America as much as possible. Let me remind you that such a resettlement was the final stage in the destruction of Ancient Rome.
Now, as in the days of antiquity in Rome, non-citizens of the country are willingly recruited into the US army, attracting those with the prospect of citizenship. Because of this, problems arise. Thus, Major Palestinian Nidal Hassan (this, however, was born by immigrants already in the United States) at the Fort Hood base in Texas shot 13 colleagues and wounded 30. The US liberal establishment tries not to notice such incidents. The Obama administration did not recognize the incident at Fort Hood as terrorism, but as an altercation at work. Trump's emigration reforms must bear fruit before a Roman-like Odoacer figure rises in America.
The fatefulness of the problems facing the new administration explains why today, when Trump is just getting ready to take office and is picking up, admittedly, a worthy team, the liberal public is already going into hysterics, fearing that its neo-pagan program will be crowded out and traditional American values will be restored. And that Trump will deliver on his promise to "make America great again."
How we built the future of Russia
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Once upon a time in the magical land of Equestria
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Lessons from America's Most Successful Companies
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For several decades in a row, psychologists have been persistently interested in two modes of thinking: the one that triggers the portrait of an angry woman, and the one that triggers the multiplication task. There are many names for these modes. I use terms that were originally coined by psychologists Keith Stanovich and Richard West, and I will talk about two systems of thought: System 1 and System 2.
System 1 works automatically and very quickly, requiring little or no effort and without giving the sensation of intentional control.
System 2 emphasizes the attention required for conscious mental effort, including complex computations. The actions of System 2 are often associated with a subjective sense of activity, choice, and concentration.
The concepts of System 1 and System 2 are widely used in psychology, but in this book I go further than the rest: it can be read as a psychological drama with two characters.
When we think of ourselves, we mean System 2 - a conscious, intelligent self that has beliefs, that makes choices and decisions about what to think and what to do. Although System 2 sees itself as the protagonist, in reality the hero of this book is an automatically responsive System 1. I believe that it effortlessly generates impressions and feelings, which are the main source of beliefs and conscious choices in System 2. The automatic actions of System 1 generate amazingly complex thought patterns, but only the slower System 2 can arrange them in an ordered sequence of steps. Below we will describe the circumstances in which System 2 intercepts control, limiting the free impulses and associations of System 1. You are invited to consider these two systems as two subjects, each of which has its own unique abilities, limitations and functions.
Here's what System 1 can do (examples are ranked in ascending order of difficulty):
Determine which of the two objects is closer.
Orient yourself towards the source of the harsh sound.
Finish the phrase "Bread with ...".
Make a grimace of disgust at the sight of a vile picture.
Identify hostility in the voice.
Solve example 2 + 2 =?
Read words on large billboards.
Drive on an empty road.
Make a strong chess move (if you are a grandmaster).
Understand a simple sentence.
Defining that the description “quiet, orderly person with a lot of attention to detail” is like a stereotype associated with a certain profession.
All of these actions are in the same category as the reaction to an angry woman: they happen automatically and do not require (or require little) effort. The capabilities of System 1 include our intrinsic skills that we share with other animals. We are born ready to perceive the world, recognize objects, direct attention, avoid losses and be afraid of spiders. Other actions of the mind become rapid and automatic after long training. System 1 memorized the connection between ideas (the capital of France?) And learned to recognize and understand the subtleties of situations that arise during communication. Some skills, like finding good moves in chess, are acquired only by expert experts. Other skills go to many. To determine the similarity of the description of a person with a stereotype of the profession, a broad linguistic and cultural knowledge is required, which many have. Knowledge is stored in memory and we access it without conscious intention and effortlessly.
Some of the actions on this list are completely involuntary. You cannot resist understanding the simple sentences on native language or from paying attention to a loud unexpected sound; you do not forbid yourself to know that 2 + 2 = 4, or to remember Paris if someone mentions the capital of France. A number of activities - such as chewing - can be controlled, but they are usually performed on autopilot. Attention is controlled by both systems. Orientation to loud sound usually occurs involuntarily, with the help of System 1, and then the attention of System 2 is immediately and purposefully mobilized. You may not turn around when you hear a loud offensive remark at a noisy party, but even if your head does not move, at first you pay attention to it anyway, at least for a little while. However, attention can be diverted from an unwanted object, and the best way is to focus on another goal.
The various functions of System 2 have one thing in common: they all require attention and are interrupted when attention is switched. For example, using System 2 you can do the following:
Prepare for the start signal for the race.
Watch the clowns in the circus.
Hear the voice of the right person in a crowded noisy room.
Notice the gray-haired woman.
Identify the surprised sound by rummaging through the memory.
Deliberately speed up the step.
Monitor the appropriateness of behavior in a particular social situation.
Count the number of letters "a" in the text.
Dictate your phone number to the interlocutor.
Park where there is little space (unless you are a professional valet driver).
Compare two washing machines by price and function.
Fill out a tax return.
Check the consistency of complex logical arguments.
In all these situations, you need to be careful, and if you are not ready or are distracted, you will cope worse or not cope at all. System 2 can change the way System 1 works by reprogramming the normal automatic attention and memory functions. For example, waiting for a relative in a crowded place railway station, you can tune in to look for a gray-haired woman or a bearded man, and thus increase the chances of seeing her or him from afar. You can strain your memory to remember the names of the capitals starting with the letter "H", or the novels of French existentialist writers. When you rent a car at London Heathrow Airport, you will be reminded that “we drive on the left”. In all these cases, you are asked to do something unusual, and you will find that it requires constant effort.
We often use the phrase "be careful" - and it is quite correct. We have a limited amount of attention, which can be distributed to various actions, and if we go beyond what we have, then nothing will work. The peculiarity of such activities is that they interfere with each other, and that is why it is difficult or even impossible to perform several at once. It is impossible to calculate the product 17 24 by turning left in a heavy traffic; not even worth trying. You can do several things at once, but only if they are easy and do not require too much attention. You can probably talk to the person sitting next to you if you are driving on an empty highway, and many parents find, even with a certain degree of awkwardness, that they can read a story to their child while thinking of something else.
Everyone is more or less aware limited opportunities attention, and our behavior in society takes into account these restrictions. For example, if a car driver overtakes a truck on a narrow road, adult passengers are reasonably silent. They know not to distract the driver; in addition, they suspect that he is temporarily "deaf" and will not hear their words.
By focusing on something, people, in fact, go blind, not noticing what usually attracts attention. This is most clearly demonstrated by Christopher Chabri and Daniel Simons in The Invisible Gorilla. They made a short film about a basketball game where teams play in white and black jerseys. Viewers are asked to count the number of passes the players in white shirts will make, regardless of the players in black. This is a difficult task requiring full attention. Around the middle of the video, a woman in a gorilla costume appears in the frame, crosses the platform, knocks on her chest and leaves. She is in the frame for 9 seconds. The video was seen by thousands of people, but about half of them did not notice anything unusual. Blindly that comes from a counting task, especially from instructions to ignore one of the teams. Spectators who have not received this task will not miss the gorilla. Seeing and orienting are automatic functions of System 1, but they are performed only if a certain amount of attention is allotted to the corresponding external stimuli. According to the authors, the most remarkable thing about their study is that people are very surprised by its results. Spectators who did not notice the gorilla are at first sure that she was not there - they cannot imagine that they missed such an event. The gorilla experiment illustrates two important facts: we can be blind to the obvious and, moreover, we do not notice our own blindness.
The interaction of the two systems is a cross-cutting theme of this book, so it is worth briefly summarizing its contents. So, while we are awake, both systems are working - System 1 and System 2. System 1 works automatically, and System 2 is in a comfortable mode of minimum effort, in other words, only a small part of its capabilities are involved. System 1 constantly generates sentences for System 2: impressions, premonitions, intentions and feelings. If System 2 approves of them, then impressions and premonitions turn into beliefs, and impulses into intentional actions. When everything goes smoothly - and it almost always happens - System 2 accepts the proposals of System 1 with little or no change. Typically, you believe your impressions and act according to your wishes, and this is usually perfectly acceptable.
When System 1 encounters difficulties, it turns to System 2 to solve the current problem through more detailed and targeted treatment. System 2 is mobilized when a question arises that System 1 does not have an answer to, as it probably happened to you when you saw the 17 × 24 multiplication example. A conscious rush of attention is also felt when you are caught off guard. System 2 is triggered when an event is detected that violates the model of the surrounding world in the representation of System 1. In its world, bulbs do not bounce, cats do not bark, and gorillas do not walk on basketball courts. The gorilla experiment shows that it takes attention to spot unexpected stimuli. Surprise or surprise engages and directs your attention: you gaze intently and try to find an explanation for the amazing event in your memory. System 2 is responsible for constantly monitoring your behavior - it is thanks to it that you are able to remain polite, furious and attentive when you drive at night. System 2 mobilizes if it detects that you are about to make a mistake. Remember how you almost blurted out something offensive - and how difficult it was for you to pull yourself together. In general, the bulk of what you (your System 2) think and do is generated by System 1, but in case of difficulties, System 2 takes over, and usually the last word remains with it.
The division of labor between System 1 and System 2 is very effective: it gives the best performance with the least effort. Most of the time, everything works well, because System 1, as a rule, performs its functions perfectly: it generates accurate models of situations and short-term forecasts, and also responds quickly and most often appropriately to emerging tasks. However, System 1 also has its distortions, systematic errors, which it tends to commit under certain circumstances. As will be shown, at times she answers not to the asked, but to easier questions and is poorly versed in logic and statistics. Another limitation of System 1 is that it cannot be turned off. When you see a word on the screen in a familiar language, you will read it - unless your attention is completely absorbed by something else.